<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrisel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Magnetic Resonance in Solids</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Magnetic Resonance in Solids</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2072-5981</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/mrsej-19405</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mrisel-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Advances of crystal field theory and exchange charge model</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brik</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chongqing 400065; W. Ostwald Str. 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia; Armii Krajowej 13/15, Czȩstochowa PL-42200, Poland</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhail.brik@ut.ee</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avram</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Bd. V. Parvan, No. 4, Timisoara 300223; Independentei 54, Bucharest 050094</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avram</surname><given-names>C. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bd. V. Parvan, No. 4, Timisoara 300223</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>College of Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications; Institute of Physics, University of Tartu; Institute of Physics, Jan Długosz University</institution><country>China</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara; Academy of Romanian Scientist</institution><country>Romania</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara</institution><country>Romania</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>SPECIAL ISSUE dedicated to Boris Z. Malkin's 80th birthday</issue-title><elocation-id>19405 (6 pp.)</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Brik M.G., Avram N.M., Avram C.N., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Avram N.M., Avram C.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Avram N.M., Avram C.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mrsej.ru/jour/article/view/67">https://www.mrsej.ru/jour/article/view/67</self-uri><abstract><p>A short overview of the exchange charge model of crystal field is given. Several most important applications of the model to the calculations of the crystal field parameters, energy levels of impurity ions, parameters of the electron-vibrational interaction and transition intensities supported by the recent literature publications are discussed.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>crystal field theory</kwd><kwd>transition metal and rare earth ions</kwd><kwd>crystal field splitting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bethe H. Ann. Physik 3, 133 (1929)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bethe H. Ann. Physik 3, 133 (1929)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Vleck J. Phys. Rev. 41, 208 (1932)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Vleck J. Phys. Rev. 41, 208 (1932)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stevens K.W.H. Proc. Phys. Soc. A 65, 209 (1952)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stevens K.W.H. Proc. Phys. Soc. A 65, 209 (1952)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Judd B.R. Proc. Royal Soc. A 232, 458 (1955); ibid 241, 414 (1957)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Judd B.R. Proc. Royal Soc. A 232, 458 (1955); ibid 241, 414 (1957)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu G.K., in: Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earth in Optical Materials, edited by G.K. Liu,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu G.K., in: Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earth in Optical Materials, edited by G.K. Liu,</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">B. Jacquier, p. 1, Springer, New York (2005)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">B. Jacquier, p. 1, Springer, New York (2005)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Su P., Ma C.-G., Brik M.G., Srivastava A.M. Opt. Mater. 79, 129 (2018)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Su P., Ma C.-G., Brik M.G., Srivastava A.M. Opt. Mater. 79, 129 (2018)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newman D.J. Adv. Phys. 20, 197 (1971)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newman D.J. Adv. Phys. 20, 197 (1971)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newman D.J., Ng B. Rep. Prog. Phys. 52, 699 (1989)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newman D.J., Ng B. Rep. Prog. Phys. 52, 699 (1989)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeung Y.Y., in: Optical Properties of 3d-Ions in Crystals: Spectroscopy and Crystal Field Analysis, edited by N.M. Avram, M.G. Brik, Ch. 3, p. 95, Springer and Tsinghua University Press (2013)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeung Y.Y., in: Optical Properties of 3d-Ions in Crystals: Spectroscopy and Crystal Field Analysis, edited by N.M. Avram, M.G. Brik, Ch. 3, p. 95, Springer and Tsinghua University Press (2013)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malkin B.Z., Crystal Field and Electron-Phonon Interaction in Rare-Earth Ionic Paramagnets, in: Spectroscopy of Solids Containing Rare-Earth Ions, edited by A.A. Kaplyanskii, B.M. Macfarlane, p. 13, North Holland, Amsterdam (1987)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malkin B.Z., Crystal Field and Electron-Phonon Interaction in Rare-Earth Ionic Paramagnets, in: Spectroscopy of Solids Containing Rare-Earth Ions, edited by A.A. Kaplyanskii, B.M. Macfarlane, p. 13, North Holland, Amsterdam (1987)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abragam A.G., Bleaney B. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Transition Ions, Oxford University Press, Oxford, Clarendon (1970)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abragam A.G., Bleaney B. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Transition Ions, Oxford University Press, Oxford, Clarendon (1970)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Avram N.M. AIP Conf. Proc. 1131, 86 (2009)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Avram N.M. AIP Conf. Proc. 1131, 86 (2009)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jousseaume C., Vivien D., Kahn-Harari A., Malkin B.Z. Opt. Mater. 24, 143 (2003)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jousseaume C., Vivien D., Kahn-Harari A., Malkin B.Z. Opt. Mater. 24, 143 (2003)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Avram N.M., Avram C.N., Rudowicz C., Yeung Y.Y., Gnutek P. J. Alloys Compds. 432, 61 (2007)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Avram N.M., Avram C.N., Rudowicz C., Yeung Y.Y., Gnutek P. J. Alloys Compds. 432, 61 (2007)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Medić M.M., Brik M.G., Drazic G., Antic Z., Lojpur V.M., Dramicanin M.D. J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 724 (2015)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medić M.M., Brik M.G., Drazic G., Antic Z., Lojpur V.M., Dramicanin M.D. J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 724 (2015)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Srivastava A.M. J. Lumin. 132, 579 (2012)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Srivastava A.M. J. Lumin. 132, 579 (2012)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Srivastava A.M., Brik M.G. Opt. Mater. 35, 1544 (2013)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Srivastava A.M., Brik M.G. Opt. Mater. 35, 1544 (2013)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klimin S.A., Pytalev D.S., Popova M.N., Malkin B.Z., Vanyunin M.V., Korableva S.L. Phys. Rev. B 81, 045113 (2010)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klimin S.A., Pytalev D.S., Popova M.N., Malkin B.Z., Vanyunin M.V., Korableva S.L. Phys. Rev. B 81, 045113 (2010)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shakurov G.S., Vanyunin M.V., Malkin B.Z., Barbara B., Abdulsabirov R.Y., Korableva S.L. Appl. Magn. Res. 28, 251 (2005)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shakurov G.S., Vanyunin M.V., Malkin B.Z., Barbara B., Abdulsabirov R.Y., Korableva S.L. Appl. Magn. Res. 28, 251 (2005)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popova M.N., Klimin S.A., Malkin B.Z., Kasatkina L.A., Cao G., Crow J. Phys. Lett. A 223, 308 (1996)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova M.N., Klimin S.A., Malkin B.Z., Kasatkina L.A., Cao G., Crow J. Phys. Lett. A 223, 308 (1996)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popova M.N., Klimin S.A., Chukalina E.P., Malkin B.Z., Leviitin R.Z., Mill B.V., Antic-Fidancev E. Phys. Rev. B 68, 155103 (2003)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova M.N., Klimin S.A., Chukalina E.P., Malkin B.Z., Leviitin R.Z., Mill B.V., Antic-Fidancev E. Phys. Rev. B 68, 155103 (2003)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popova M.N., Chukalina E.P., Malkin B.Z., Iskhakova A.I., Antic-Fidancev E., Porcher P., Chaminade J.P. Phys. Rev. B 63, 075103 (2001)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova M.N., Chukalina E.P., Malkin B.Z., Iskhakova A.I., Antic-Fidancev E., Porcher P., Chaminade J.P. Phys. Rev. B 63, 075103 (2001)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klekovkina V.V., Malkin B.Z. Opt. Spectr. 116, 849 (2014)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klekovkina V.V., Malkin B.Z. Opt. Spectr. 116, 849 (2014)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malkin B.Z., Lummen T.T.A., van Loosdrecht P.H.M., Dhalenne G., Zakirov A.R. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 22, 276003 (2010)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malkin B.Z., Lummen T.T.A., van Loosdrecht P.H.M., Dhalenne G., Zakirov A.R. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 22, 276003 (2010)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popova M.N., Chukalina E.P., Stanislavchuk T.N., Malkin B.Z., Zakirov A.R., Antic-Fidancev E., Popova E.A., Bezmaternykh L.N., Temerov V.L. Phys. Rev. B 75, 224435 (2007)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova M.N., Chukalina E.P., Stanislavchuk T.N., Malkin B.Z., Zakirov A.R., Antic-Fidancev E., Popova E.A., Bezmaternykh L.N., Temerov V.L. Phys. Rev. B 75, 224435 (2007)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirm M., Stryganyuk G., Vielhauer S., Zimmerer G., Makhov V.N., Malkin B.Z., Solovyev O.V., Abdulsabirov R.Y., Korableva S.L. Phys. Rev. B 75, 075111 (2007)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirm M., Stryganyuk G., Vielhauer S., Zimmerer G., Makhov V.N., Malkin B.Z., Solovyev O.V., Abdulsabirov R.Y., Korableva S.L. Phys. Rev. B 75, 075111 (2007)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makhov V.N., Kirm M., Struganyuk G., Vielhauer S., Zimmerer G., Malkin B.Z., Solovyev O.V., Korableva S.L. J. Lumin. 132, 418 (2012)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhov V.N., Kirm M., Struganyuk G., Vielhauer S., Zimmerer G., Malkin B.Z., Solovyev O.V., Korableva S.L. J. Lumin. 132, 418 (2012)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malkin B.Z., Solovyev O.V., Malishev A.Y., Saikin S.K. J. Lumin. 125, 175 (2007)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malkin B.Z., Solovyev O.V., Malishev A.Y., Saikin S.K. J. Lumin. 125, 175 (2007)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Avram C.N. J. Lumin. 102-103, 283 (2003)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Avram C.N. J. Lumin. 102-103, 283 (2003)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Avram N.M. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 155502 (2009)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Avram N.M. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 155502 (2009)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Avram N.M., Brik M.G., Kityk I.V. Opt. Mater. 32, 1668 (2010)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avram N.M., Brik M.G., Kityk I.V. Opt. Mater. 32, 1668 (2010)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Avram C.N. J. Lumin. 131, 2642 (2011)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Avram C.N. J. Lumin. 131, 2642 (2011)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brik M.G., Yeung Y.Y. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 69, 2401 (2008)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brik M.G., Yeung Y.Y. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 69, 2401 (2008)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
